學(xué)院簡(jiǎn)介

洛克菲勒大學(xué)是一所世界著名的生物醫(yī)學(xué)教育研究中心，是由美國(guó)石油大王洛克菲勒建立的。成立于1901年的洛克菲勒醫(yī)學(xué)研究所，在其75個(gè)獨(dú)立的實(shí)驗(yàn)室中，大學(xué)為科學(xué)家們提供一個(gè)獨(dú)特的協(xié)作環(huán)境。洛克菲勒醫(yī)學(xué)院引導(dǎo)患者導(dǎo)向?qū)W習(xí)，是美國(guó)唯一的完全用于臨床研究的私人醫(yī)療設(shè)施機(jī)構(gòu)。

洛克菲勒大學(xué)的研究項(xiàng)目為美國(guó)最優(yōu)秀研究生提供創(chuàng)新的教育體驗(yàn)，這些優(yōu)秀的研究生來(lái)自分子和細(xì)胞生物學(xué)、遺傳學(xué)、免疫學(xué)、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)生物學(xué)、生物物理學(xué)和生物化學(xué)。洛克菲勒大學(xué)也是開(kāi)展諸如計(jì)算生物學(xué)和基因組學(xué)科培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目的領(lǐng)頭人。

早期，洛克菲勒大學(xué)因其科學(xué)成就而被人們所知。20世紀(jì)許多重要的科學(xué)突破誕生于它的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，截至2011年10月4日，洛克菲勒大學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室中有24位科學(xué)家獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。當(dāng)前，洛克菲勒大學(xué)及其研究人員致力于研究困擾社會(huì)的所有主要疾病與健康問(wèn)題。

知名校友有：

布洛貝爾

1999年獲諾貝爾生物醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)

羅得里克·麥金農(nóng)

2003年獲諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)

拉爾夫·斯坦曼

2011年獲諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)

亞歷克西·卡雷爾

1912年獲諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)

教研情況

洛克菲勒大學(xué)是一所極具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的研究院校。與生物學(xué)有關(guān)的研究方向有免疫學(xué)、病毒學(xué)和微生物學(xué)，醫(yī)學(xué)人類遺傳學(xué)，分子、細(xì)胞和發(fā)展生物學(xué).神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)，物理和數(shù)學(xué)生物學(xué).生物化學(xué)和結(jié)構(gòu)生物學(xué)。申請(qǐng)者需在生物學(xué)專業(yè)領(lǐng)域具有突出表現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)烈建議遞交GRE單項(xiàng)成績(jī)。

研究方向主要有：生物化學(xué)、生物物理學(xué)、細(xì)胞生物學(xué)、微生物學(xué)和病毒學(xué)及結(jié)構(gòu)生物學(xué)。該校對(duì)申請(qǐng)者并沒(méi)有相對(duì)嚴(yán)格的入學(xué)要求.只需通過(guò)校方考查，各項(xiàng)成績(jī)合格即可。網(wǎng)址：耶魯大學(xué)的分子、細(xì)胞和發(fā)展生物學(xué)系的研究重點(diǎn)有：細(xì)胞神經(jīng)生物學(xué)、細(xì)胞骨架和細(xì)胞形態(tài)發(fā)生、發(fā)展細(xì)胞學(xué)、遺傳學(xué)、膜蛋白質(zhì)、分子和化學(xué)生物學(xué)、核酸和植物生物學(xué)等。留學(xué)驛站申請(qǐng)者應(yīng)具有深厚的基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)(如生物學(xué)、化學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué))基礎(chǔ)。

斯克里普斯研究院設(shè)有生物化學(xué)、細(xì)胞生物學(xué)、免疫學(xué)、分子生物學(xué)和神經(jīng)生物學(xué)等系，并建有分子生物科學(xué)中心和Skaggs化學(xué)生物學(xué)學(xué)院。申請(qǐng)者必須至少具有學(xué)士學(xué)位.并具有較強(qiáng)的生物學(xué)和生物物理學(xué)等專業(yè)背景，必須至少學(xué)過(guò)1年以下4門(mén)基礎(chǔ)課程中的2門(mén)：生物學(xué)/物理學(xué)/化學(xué)/數(shù)學(xué)(微積分和微分方程)：必須至少學(xué)過(guò)4學(xué)期以下高級(jí)課程：細(xì)胞生物學(xué)。發(fā)展生物學(xué)、分子遺傳學(xué)、有機(jī)化學(xué)、生物物理學(xué)、微分子結(jié)構(gòu)、物理化學(xué)和生物化學(xué).應(yīng)學(xué)過(guò)以下科目中至少3門(mén)的實(shí)驗(yàn)課程.生物學(xué)、生物化學(xué)、化學(xué)和物理；應(yīng)具有1～2年研究實(shí)驗(yàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)

關(guān)于洛克菲勒

John Davison Rockefeller Sr.(July 8,1839–May 23,1937)was an American business magnate and philanthropist.He is widely considered the wealthiest American of all time,and the richest person in modern history.

Rockefeller was born into a large family in upstate New York and was shaped by his con man father and religious mother.His family moved several times before eventually settling in Cleveland,Ohio.Rockefeller became an assistant bookkeeper at age 16 and went into several business partnerships beginning at age 20,concentrating his business on oil refining.Rockefeller founded the Standard Oil Company in 1870.He ran it until 1897,and remained its largest shareholder.

Rockefeller's wealth soared as kerosene and gasoline grew in importance,and he became the richest person in the country,controlling 90%of all oil in the United States at his peak.Oil was used throughout the country as a light source until the introduction of electricity,and as a fuel after the invention of the automobile.Furthermore,Rockefeller gained enormous influence over the railroad industry which transported his oil around the country.Standard Oil was the first great business trust in the United States.Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry.His company and business practices came under criticism,particularly in the writings of author Ida Tarbell.

The Supreme Court ruled in 1911 that Standard Oil must be dismantled for violation of federal antitrust laws.It was broken up into 34 separate entities,which included companies that became ExxonMobil,Chevron Corporation,and others—some of which still have the highest level of revenue in the world.Individual pieces of the company were worth more than the whole,as shares of these doubled and tripled in value in their early years;consequently,Rockefeller became the country's first billionaire,with a fortune worth nearly 2%of the national economy.His peak net worth was estimated at US$409 billion(in 2018 dollars;inflation-adjusted)in 1913.The 409 billion figure assumes a 2%share of US GDP in 2016.His personal wealth,900 million in 1913,more than 2%of US GDP of 39.1 billion that year was worth 21 billion dollars in 2016 adjusted for inflation(by 1937 the Rockefeller fortune was 1.4 billion or 1.5%of GDP of 92 billion).

Rockefeller spent much of the last 40 years of his life in retirement at his estate in Westchester County,New York,defining the structure of modern philanthropy,along with other key industrialists such as steel magnate Andrew Carnegie.His fortune was mainly used to create the modern systematic approach of targeted philanthropy through the creation of foundations that had a major effect on medicine,education,and scientific research.His foundations pioneered the development of medical research and were instrumental in the near-eradication of hookworm and yellow fever in the United States.

Rockefeller was also the founder of the University of Chicago and Rockefeller University and funded the establishment of Central Philippine University in the Philippines.He was a devout Northern Baptist and supported many church-based institutions.He adhered to total abstinence from alcohol and tobacco throughout his life.For advice,he relied closely on his wife Laura Spelman Rockefeller with whom he had five children.He was a faithful congregant of the Erie Street Baptist Mission Church,taught Sunday school,and served as a trustee,clerk,and occasional janitor.Religion was a guiding force throughout his life and he believed it to be the source of his success.Rockefeller was also considered a supporter of capitalism based on a perspective of social Darwinism,and he was quoted often as saying,"The growth of a large business is merely a survival of the fittest".

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